![]() Amid these events, Zhou was elected to the vacant position of First Vice Chairman of the Communist Party by the 10th Central Committee in 1973 and thereby designated as Mao's successor (the third person to be so designated after Liu Shaoqi and Lin Biao), but still struggled internally against the Gang of Four over leadership of China. Mao's health began to decline in 1971, and Lin Biao fell into disgrace and later died in a plane crash. His attempts at mitigating the Red Guards' damage and his efforts to protect others from their wrath made him immensely popular in the Cultural Revolution's later stages. While Mao dedicated most of his later years to political struggle and ideological work, Zhou was one of the main driving forces behind the affairs of state during much of the Cultural Revolution. ![]() Zhou survived the purges of other top officials during the Cultural Revolution. He helped devise policies regarding disputes with the United States, Taiwan, the Soviet Union ( after 1960), India, Korea, and Vietnam. Advocating peaceful coexistence with the West after the Korean War, he participated in the 1954 Geneva Conference and the 1955 Bandung Conference and helped orchestrate Richard Nixon's 1972 visit to China. Zhou served under Chairman Mao Zedong and aided the Communist Party in rising to power, later helping consolidate its control, form its foreign policy, and develop the Chinese economy.Īs a diplomat, Zhou served as the Chinese foreign minister from 1949 to 1958. Zhou Enlai ( Chinese: 周恩来 pinyin: Zhōu Ēnlái Wade–Giles: Chou 1 Ên 1-lai 2 5 March 1898 – 8 January 1976) was a Chinese statesman, diplomat, and revolutionary who served as the first Premier of the People's Republic of China from September 1954 until his death in January 1976. Himself (as Premier of the People's Republic of China) Premier of Government Administration Council of the Central People's Government Vice Chairman of the Chinese Communist PartyĢnd Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (as Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of China)įirst Vice Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party (as Premier of Government Administration Council of the Central People's Government)ġst Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China (as Chairman of the People's Central Government of People's Republic of China) 1st Premier of the People's Republic of China
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